馬(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)草(cao)為馬(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)草(cao)科馬(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)草(cao)屬多年生(sheng)草(cao)本植(zhi)物,又(you)稱龍芽(ya)草(cao)、鐵馬(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)、風頸(jing)草(cao)。性微(wei)寒、味苦。以干凈的(de)地(di)上全(quan)草(cao)入藥(yao),具有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)清(qing)熱解毒、活血散瘀(yu)、利尿消腫之(zhi)功效,并能催促分娩(mian)后胎盤的(de)剝離,清(qing)除產(chan)后排泄物之(zhi)不(bu)盡(jin)和月(yue)經(jing)困難;此外(wai),根可治(zhi)赤、白下痢(li)等(deng)疾(ji)病。主(zhu)要化學(xue)成(cheng):馬(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)草(cao)甙、馬(ma)鞭(bian)(bian)草(cao)醇、揮(hui)發油、β-胡蘿卜素等(deng)。原產(chan)于熱帶美洲,我國南方地(di)區有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)種(zhong)植(zhi),為國家藥(yao)典收載品種(zhong)。形(xing)態特征株(zhu)高80cm左(zuo)右,多分枝。莖(jing)四方形(xing),葉對生(sheng),卵圓(yuan)形(xing)至矩圓(yuan)形(xing)或長(chang)(chang)圓(yuan)狀披(pi)針形(xing);基(ji)生(sheng)葉邊緣常有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)粗(cu)鋸齒及缺刻,通常3深裂,裂片邊緣有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)整齊的(de)鋸齒,兩(liang)面有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)粗(cu)毛。穗狀花(hua)(hua)序(xu)頂生(sheng)或腋生(sheng),細長(chang)(chang)如馬(ma)鞭(bian)(bian);花(hua)(hua)小(xiao),花(hua)(hua)冠淡紫(zi)色或藍色。果(guo)(guo)(guo)為蒴果(guo)(guo)(guo)狀,長(chang)(chang)約0.2cm,外(wai)果(guo)(guo)(guo)皮薄,成(cheng)熟(shu)時開(kai)裂,內含4枚小(xiao)堅果(guo)(guo)(guo)。 生(sheng)物學(xue)特性在(zai)南方地(di)區種(zhong)植(zhi)1次可連續收割(ge)多年;而在(zai)東北地(di)區種(zhong)植(zhi),由(you)于冬(dong)季寒冷,根部(bu)不(bu)能越冬(dong),只(zhi)能一年。花(hua)(hua)期(qi)7月(yue)上旬(xun)~8月(yue)下旬(xun),花(hua)(hua)由(you)花(hua)(hua)序(xu)下端向(xiang)上逐漸開(kai)放,果(guo)(guo)(guo)實成(cheng)熟(shu)期(qi)8月(yue)中旬(xun)~10月(yue),霜凍地(di)上部(bu)分即死(si),年生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)165天左(zuo)右。種(zhong)子三(san)棱狀、矩圓(yuan)形(xing),兩(liang)端寬(kuan)度(du)幾乎相等(deng),長(chang)(chang)0.15~0.2cm,寬(kuan)0.05~0.08cm,表面粗(cu)糙,土黃(huang)色或棕黃(huang)色,
以上就(jiu)是有關馬鞭(bian)草的栽培(pei)技術的簡單(dan)介(jie)紹,本(ben)公(gong)司專業種植馬鞭(bian)草小苗,歡迎新老客戶蒞臨考核!